You may be surprised to learn just how common pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is. It is estimated that POP affects up to 50% of women worldwide. Many factors contribute to this, such as childbirth, the aging process, weight, and even genetics. Yet, despite being a common condition, there is a cultural stigma surrounding it that can make it difficult to talk about.

We are on a mission to change that. If you or someone you care about is living with pelvic organ prolapse, remember you are not alone. Through greater awareness, we aim to reduce the shame and embarrassment that keep women and people with uteruses from seeking help.

So, let’s talk about prolapse—including what it is, why it happens, how it feels, and how to treat it.

What Is Pelvic Organ Prolapse?

Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition where the pelvic organs—such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum—slip down from their normal position and push against the walls of the vagina. It occurs when the pelvic floor is too weak to support the organs in the pelvis, causing them to sag. There are various types and stages of prolapse, but almost all people with prolapse describe it as a feeling of heaviness or achiness on their pelvic floor. This feeling is often accompanied by the sensation of a tampon falling out, and sometimes, there is a visible lump or bulge.

Why Does Prolapse Happen?

Pelvic organ prolapse results from weak pelvic floor connective tissues. When these ligaments and connective tissues weaken or stretch, they can no longer support the organs in your pelvis, which include the bladder, uterus, vagina, small bowel, and rectum. This can lead to the pelvic organs falling down or putting pressure on the pelvic floor.

It’s also important to note that while the pelvic floor muscles can stop organs from coming out of the body, they DO NOT hold up the organs. Rather, the pelvic floor acts as a foundation, keeping the organs in place and preventing prolapse.

What Factors Increase the Risk of Developing Prolapse?

Age. Although prolapse can affect women of any age, pelvic floor connective tissues and muscles weaken with age, so prolapse is more common in older women.
Vaginal childbirth. Giving birth vaginally (and instrument-assisted, such as with forceps or a vacuum) can increase the chances of prolapse. Other factors, such as a long and difficult birth, can also increase your risk.
Multiple births. Having more than one baby increases your risk of developing pelvic organ prolapse.
Weight. Prolapse can be more common as body weight increases.
Menopause. The loss of estrogen after menopause can lead to a decrease in muscle tone.
Genetics. If someone in your family has had prolapse, you may be more likely to develop it as well.

What Does Prolapse Feel Like?

Prolapse symptoms can vary but often affect daily life. The most common symptoms include:

A feeling of pressure, heaviness, or “falling out” in the pelvis
Needing to pee often or leaking
A feeling of “dragging” pain in the abdomen or vagina
Pain during sex or difficulty with orgasm
Challenges with bowel movements or incontinence
Low back pain
Urinary tract infections that keep coming back

Symptoms can vary throughout the day, and you may notice your symptoms go away when lying down. Some women with POP don’t experience any symptoms at all.

What are the Stages of Prolapse?

There are four stages of pelvic organ prolapse. Your symptoms will vary with each stage.

1st degree: Pelvic organs slipped down a little
2nd degree: Pelvic organs slipped down to the level of the vaginal opening
3rd degree: The uterus dropped, and it is bulging out of the vaginal opening
4th degree: More than 1 cm of the uterus is bulging out of the vaginal opening

How is Prolapse Treated?

If you are concerned you may have pelvic organ prolapse, it is important to seek professional treatment from a pelvic floor physical therapist. These specialists can help strengthen the connective tissues and muscles in your pelvic floor to better support your organs. They will also teach you how to manage the pressure as you regain your pelvic health. Additional prolapse treatments include:

Vaginal pessaries. These are small devices made of rubber or silicone that are inserted into the vagina to support the organs. Pessaries are fitted uniquely to you.
Surgery. In more severe cases, surgical options are available to lift, stabilize, and repair the prolapsed organs.

How Does Prolapse Impact Quality of Life?

Living with pelvic organ prolapse can take a toll on many areas of your life, interfering with your ability to work, exercise, and be intimate with your partner. Many women and people with uteruses struggle with the following:

An increasing difficulty caring for children
Management of household chores can be difficult or impossible for many
Avoiding sexual activity due to pain, fear of pain, or low libido
Negative body image and low self-confidence
Anxiety, depression, and irritation
Strained relationships

So there you have it. Pelvic organ prolapse is an incredibly common condition that affects many women, particularly as they age. Yet one of the biggest challenges with POP isn’t just the physical symptoms—it’s the cultural stigma that surrounds it. Despite being a common condition, there’s a lot of silence and shame that can prevent people from talking about it and seeking the help they need to heal.

It’s time to change that narrative. Prolapse deserves more attention so we can break down the stigma. If you are living with prolapse, your feelings are valid. Your discomfort and pain are real. You deserve treatment options and professionals who listen to you and support you.

Together, we can break the silence and create a more understanding and supportive community!

About Pelvic Health & Wellness

Pelvic Health & Wellness was built with you in mind. We practice whole-person, individualized pelvic floor physical therapy in a caring and safe environment. Our therapists specialize in treating pelvic health concerns such as fertility, pain, incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, constipation, and various pregnancy and postpartum-related conditions.

We understand that being ready to talk about and address your pelvic floor wellness concerns comes from a place of strength. We are here to support and encourage you on your journey back to pelvic health so you can return to doing what you love! If you are ready to take the first step in reclaiming your pelvic health and wellness, contact us today.

Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Common, but Not Normal